Carbohydrates and its Classification - Biomolecules - Chemistry Class 12 | Summary and Q&A

TL;DR

Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones that can be hydrolyzed to form polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.

Key Insights

• ☢️ Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
• 💁 They can be hydrolyzed to form polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
• ❓ Carbohydrates are classified into simple and complex carbohydrates.
• ❓ Simple carbohydrates are further classified into aldoses and ketoses.
• ❓ Complex carbohydrates are classified into oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
• 👥 Aldoses contain an aldehyde functional group, while ketoses contain a ketone functional group.
• 🇦🇪 Oligosaccharides are composed of a few monosaccharide units, while polysaccharides are composed of a large number of monosaccharide units.

Transcript

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Questions & Answers

Q: What are carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones that can be hydrolyzed to form polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.

Q: How are carbohydrates classified?

Carbohydrates are classified into two types: simple and complex carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates are further divided into aldoses and ketoses, while complex carbohydrates are divided into oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.

Q: What is the difference between aldoses and ketoses?

Aldoses are monosaccharides containing an aldehyde functional group, while ketoses are monosaccharides containing a ketone functional group.

Q: What are the examples of complex carbohydrates?

Examples of complex carbohydrates include starch and cellulose, which can be hydrolyzed to produce a large number of monosaccharides.

Summary & Key Takeaways

• Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones that can be hydrolyzed to form polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.

• They are classified into two types: simple and complex carbohydrates.

• Simple carbohydrates are further divided into aldoses and ketoses, while complex carbohydrates are divided into oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.