The Power of Mimetic Desire and the Role of Scapegoating in Society

The Power of Mimetic Desire and the Role of Scapegoating in Society

In 2022, as the world faced numerous state controls and restrictions, people sought ways to escape and find their own paths. One individual, Dan Wang, experienced this firsthand when he took the final flight from Shanghai to Yunnan, a province known for its diverse landscapes and ethnic groups. This journey symbolized the desire for freedom and exploration that many individuals craved during these challenging times.

Interestingly, Wang's experience aligns with the concept of mimetic desire, as proposed by philosopher René Girard. According to Girard, humans have a deep neurological tendency to observe others and pattern their desires after them. In essence, we don't simply want the objects or experiences that others desire; we strive to become like them. This phenomenon explains why advertisers focus on selling an identity or belonging rather than just a product. For instance, by drinking Bud Light or driving a Ford F150, individuals aspire to become part of a specific peer group.

Girard's theory also delves into the complex dynamics between models and individuals. When a model is far away or unattainable, such as a historical figure or a god-like figure, the relationship remains unchanged. However, when the model is someone close to us, like a coworker or neighbor, the desire to imitate them can transform the relationship. As we strive to become more like our role models, we may experience conflicting emotions of admiration and envy. This internal conflict can lead to self-deception and a constant struggle to live up to our idealized version of ourselves.

Narcissists, who idolize themselves as their own role models, face a unique challenge. The more they try to become their ideal selves, the more they feel unhappy and unfulfilled. This is because the model they strive to imitate becomes an insurmountable obstacle. In essence, the desire to be oneself can become a source of immense frustration and dissatisfaction.

Girard suggests that the amount of distance between the subject and the model plays a crucial role in mitigating mimetic conflict. Models who are far away have minimal impact on an individual's life, while models who are close, such as peers or coworkers, can become rivals and obstacles. The more homogenous a group becomes, with individuals who are peers to one another, the more inevitable mimetic conflict becomes. To prevent this conflict, Girard proposes the importance of differentiation and distance in relationships.

However, when de-escalation is not possible, societies often resort to scapegoating. Scapegoating involves collectively blaming a surrogate victim for the violence and conflict present within the community. By eliminating the scapegoat, the community can temporarily resolve the conflict and restore peace. Silicon Valley startups have inadvertently adopted this concept by placing founders on a pedestal as untouchable figures. Founders, who are inherently differentiated from employees, rule with a divine-like authority that minimizes envy and rivalry.

Girard's theories also shed light on the origins of early human religion. He argues that religion evolved as a defense mechanism against jealousy and mimetic rivalry within communities. The story of Adam and Eve in the Christian Bible exemplifies this concept, as their expulsion from the Garden of Eden signifies the discovery of self and other. The subsequent rivalry between Cain and Abel further illustrates the destructive nature of mimetic conflict.

In conclusion, the power of mimetic desire and the role of scapegoating in society are significant aspects to consider. To navigate these dynamics effectively, it is essential to embrace differentiation and distance in relationships. Additionally, cultivating humility and self-awareness can help individuals break free from the cycle of self-deception and rediscover their genuine selves.

Actionable advice:

1. Reflect on your role models and examine the impact they have on your desires and self-perception. Consider whether their influence is beneficial or hindering your personal growth.
2. Embrace humility and self-acceptance. Instead of striving to become an idealized version of yourself, focus on embracing your authentic self and appreciating your unique qualities.
3. Foster diverse relationships and seek out individuals who offer different perspectives and experiences. Surrounding yourself with people who are not direct competitors can help minimize mimetic conflict and promote collaboration.

By understanding the complexities of mimetic desire and its impact on our lives, we can navigate relationships and societal dynamics with greater awareness and empathy.