NEET Biology Genetics : Monogenic / Mendelian Inheritance

TL;DR

Monogenic inheritance refers to when one gene controls one trait, following the Mendelian pattern of inheritance, such as in the case of tall and dwarf pea plants or wet and dry earwax in humans.

Transcript

hello friends this video on need genetics is brought to you by exam feel calm no more fear from exam let's start with monogenic inheritance so what does monogenic inheritance as I said mono means one so one gene controls one trait so monotonic inheritance occurs when one gene controls one trait so monotonic inheritance this is basically the Mendeli... Read More

Key Insights

• 🎮 Monogenic inheritance, or Mendelian inheritance, occurs when one gene controls one trait.
• 👪 In monogenic inheritance, a child will exhibit the dominant form of the trait if they receive a dominant allele from either parent.
• 🎮 Most traits in the human body are polygenic, meaning they are controlled by multiple genes.
• 🙊 Monogenic inheritance is exemplified in the pea plant experiment of Mendel, where the presence of a dominant allele determines the height trait.
• ❓ The wet and dry earwax gene in humans also follows monogenic inheritance, with wet earwax being dominant over dry earwax.
• ❓ Dry earwax is more commonly found in Asians and Native Americans.
• ❓ Monogenic inheritance is also referred to as the Mendelian pattern of inheritance.

Questions & Answers

Q: What is monogenic inheritance?

Monogenic inheritance is a type of inheritance where one gene controls one trait, following the Mendelian pattern.

Q: How does a child inherit a dominant trait in monogenic inheritance?

In monogenic inheritance, a child can inherit a dominant trait from either the father or the mother, resulting in the expression of the dominant form of the trait.

Q: What determines the phenotype in monogenic inheritance?

The phenotype in monogenic inheritance is determined by the dominant allele. Even if a child inherits one dominant allele, they will exhibit the dominant phenotype.

Q: Are most traits in the human body controlled by one gene?

No, most traits in the human body are polygenic, meaning they are controlled by multiple genes. Monogenic traits are relatively rare.

Summary & Key Takeaways

• Monogenic inheritance, also known as Mendelian inheritance, occurs when one gene controls one trait.

• In this type of inheritance, a child receiving a dominant allele from either parent will express the dominant form of the trait.

• Most traits in the human body, however, are polygenic, with contributions from multiple genes.