Magnetic Moment For Transition Elements - D and F Block Elements - Chemistry Class 12

TL;DR

This video explains the concept of magnetic moment and effective magnetic moment in transition metals, including how to calculate them.

Transcript

click the Bell icon to get latest videos from equator helpers in the previous topic we have discussed about the catalytic activity of the transition metals and now in this topic we are going to talk about the magnetic moment for the transition metals and now in this topic let us understand what is the formula behind the effective magnetic moment as... Read More

Key Insights

• 🤘 Transition metals have a magnetic moment, which is primarily due to the spin motion of the electrons.
• 🫚 The effective magnetic moment is calculated using the formula square root of (n + 2) Bohr magneton, where n represents the number of unpaired electrons.
• #️⃣ The number of unpaired electrons can be determined by analyzing the electron configuration.
• 😑 The effective magnetic moment can be used to determine the paramagnetic or ferromagnetic nature of a compound or ion.
• 😑 The value of the effective magnetic moment can vary between different transition metal ions.
• 😑 The effective magnetic moment of Fe3+ ion is 5.91 μB, indicating its paramagnetic nature.
• 😑 The effective magnetic moment of Co2+ ion is 3.87 μB, indicating its paramagnetic nature but with a lower value compared to Fe3+ ion.

Questions & Answers

Q: What is the formula for calculating the effective magnetic moment in transition metals?

The formula for calculating the effective magnetic moment is square root of (n + 2) Bohr magneton, where n represents the number of unpaired electrons in the atom or ion.

Q: How do we determine the number of unpaired electrons in an ion?

To determine the number of unpaired electrons in an ion, we need to know the electron configuration of the neutral atom and subtract the number of removed electrons from the appropriate orbitals.

Q: What does the value of the effective magnetic moment indicate about the nature of the compound or ion?

The value of the effective magnetic moment can indicate whether the compound or ion is paramagnetic or ferromagnetic, depending on the range of the value.

Q: How is the electronic configuration of Fe3+ ion different from the neutral Fe atom?

The electronic configuration of Fe3+ ion is obtained by removing 3 electrons from the neutral Fe atom, starting with the removal of electrons from the 4s orbital and then from the 3d orbital.

Summary & Key Takeaways

• Transition metals have electrons that revolve around the nucleus, which gives them a magnetic moment.

• The magnetic moment is mainly due to the spin motion of the electrons.

• The effective magnetic moment can be calculated using the formula square root of (n + 2) Bohr magneton, where n represents the number of unpaired electrons in the atom or ion.