Who Invented Cryptography?

September 7, 2023
by
Gresham College
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Who Invented Cryptography?

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Watch the full lecture here: https://www.gresham.ac.uk/watch-now/number-theory

In which years does February have five Sundays? How many right-angled triangles with whole-number sides have a side of length 29? How many shuffles are needed to restore the order of the cards in a pack with two Jokers? Are any of the numbers 11, 111, 1111, 11111, . . . perfect squares? Can one construct a regular polygon with 100 sides if measuring is forbidden? How do prime numbers help to keep our credit cards secure?

These are all questions in number theory, the branch of mathematics that’s primarily concerned with our counting numbers, 1, 2, 3, etc. Of particular importance are the prime numbers, the ‘building blocks’ of our number system.

The subject is an old one, dating back to the ancient Greek...

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