Concept of Valency | Atoms and Molecules | Don't Memorise

TL;DR

Valency is the capacity of an atom to bond with other atoms by giving, taking, or sharing electrons to achieve a stable state.

Transcript

Why does bond formation take place? Can you give me the answer? Yes, it takes place because atoms are always in a constant struggle to reach the stable state. And what is this stable state? Well, if the atoms have only one shell, then the stable state is achieved when two electrons are present in it. And if the atom has two or more than two shells ... Read More

Key Insights

• 🫀 Bond formation occurs because atoms strive to reach a stable state.
• 🫀 Valency determines how atoms bond by giving, taking, or sharing electrons.
• 💁 Elements with an octet achieve stability, while others participate in bond formation to reach the octet state.
• ⚾ Valency is calculated based on the number of electrons needed to complete the octet.
• ❓ Hydrogen has a valency of one, while oxygen has a valency of two.
• 💁 Valency determines how elements combine to form compounds.
• 🥺 Different valencies can lead to electron sharing in compounds.

Questions & Answers

Q: What is valency?

Valency is the combining capacity of an element, determining how many electrons it can give, take, or share to achieve a stable state.

Q: How is valency related to the concept of the octet rule?

Valency is determined by the number of electrons needed to complete the octet. Atoms with an octet achieve stability.

Q: Can you give an example of an element with a valency of one?

Hydrogen has a valency of one as it accepts or shares electrons to attain two electrons in its outermost shell.

Q: How do atoms with different valencies combine to form compounds?

Atoms with different valencies can combine by giving, taking, or sharing electrons. For example, sodium (valency 1) donates one electron to chlorine (valency 1) to form sodium chloride.

Summary & Key Takeaways

• Valency is the combining capacity of an element, determining how many electrons can be given, taken, or shared.

• Atoms with an octet achieve stability, while those without it participate in bond formation to reach stability.

• Valency is calculated based on the number of electrons needed to complete the octet.