Strengthening Security and Humanitarian Cooperation: A Comprehensive Approach for the EU's Eastern Neighbours

Strengthening Security and Humanitarian Cooperation: A Comprehensive Approach for the EU's Eastern Neighbours

Introduction:
The European Union (EU) has long focused on political and socio-economic objectives in its dealings with its eastern neighbours. However, the evolving geopolitical landscape calls for a more assertive approach that includes security and defence partnerships. This article explores the need for security compacts with Eastern Partnership countries such as Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova, as well as potential collaborations with African states like Tunisia and Morocco. Additionally, the article delves into the importance of addressing human security concerns at the EU's Mediterranean borders. By examining common points between these two areas, we can develop a comprehensive approach to strengthen security and humanitarian cooperation.

The Importance of Security Compacts:
The EU's influence in eastern Europe has doubled over the years, but some achievements remain reversible. To address this, the EU must establish stronger security partnerships with its eastern neighbours. One key area of focus is intelligence cooperation, where the US has unmatched capabilities. By enhancing intelligence sharing and collaboration, the EU can bolster its security efforts in the region. Furthermore, the EU should provide military assistance, training, and equipment to Eastern Partnership countries, building on successful initiatives like the Visegrád Battlegroup.

Challenges and Opportunities:
While some EU member states have initiated security and defence cooperation with eastern partners, these efforts are often fragmented and poorly coordinated. Larger member states have been reluctant to play a significant role, leaving smaller states to carry the burden. Additionally, the EU's emphasis on soft security cooperation has neglected the pressing need for addressing hard security issues. This lack of engagement can lead countries in the region to seek alternative partnerships, potentially destabilizing the region. It is crucial for the EU to overcome these challenges and recognize the importance of comprehensive security cooperation.

Addressing Humanitarian Concerns at Mediterranean Borders:
The EU's southern periphery faces unique challenges regarding migration and border security. The politicization of migration in Western European countries has created a contentious environment, with debates centered on border closures and exclusionary policies. Italy, as a key player in securing the EU's Mediterranean borders, has adopted a "closed ports" approach, denying NGOs conducting Search and Rescue (SAR) operations authorization to disembark rescued migrants. This has sparked humanitarian discourse advocating for migrants' rights and the alleviation of their suffering.

Connecting Security and Humanitarian Cooperation:
While security and humanitarian concerns may seem distinct, they share common ground in the EU's approach to its eastern neighbours and its Mediterranean borders. By adopting a comprehensive approach, the EU can address security challenges while upholding human rights and providing assistance to those in need.

Actionable Advice:

1. Strengthen Intelligence Cooperation: The EU should establish capacity building programs, structural coordination on threats, and technical support to enhance intelligence sharing with Eastern Partnership countries. Creating an Eastern Neighbourhood Intelligence Support and Coordination Cell in Brussels would facilitate effective collaboration.

2. Enhance Cyber Security Cooperation: Given the significant cyber security challenges faced by Eastern Partnership countries, the EU should promote better coordinated and larger-scale cooperation on cyber security. This collaboration should involve the EU, its member states, and willing Eastern Partnership countries.

3. Promote Humanitarian Principles: The EU should advocate for a humanitarian approach towards migrants at its Mediterranean borders. This includes ensuring the right to be free from inhuman treatment and providing support for NGOs conducting SAR operations. Balancing security concerns with humanitarian principles is crucial for upholding the EU's values.

Conclusion:
The EU's shift towards a more geopolitical approach necessitates the forging of security compacts with its eastern neighbours. By addressing intelligence cooperation, military assistance, and soft and hard security challenges, the EU can strengthen its influence and relevance in the region. Furthermore, the EU must not overlook the importance of addressing humanitarian concerns at its Mediterranean borders. By adopting a comprehensive approach that connects security and humanitarian cooperation, the EU can effectively navigate the complex challenges it faces.