Flood Hydrograph and Base Flow - Hydrology - Water Resource Engineering 1 | Summary and Q&A

TL;DR

Learn about flood hydrographs and base flow, including how to separate base flow from the overall river discharge to obtain the direct runoff hydrograph.

Key Insights

• 🪛 A hydrograph represents the discharge fluctuations in a river over time and is essential for understanding river behavior and designing hydraulic structures.
• 🙊 Peak flow, the maximum discharge during a storm event, guides the design of hydraulic structures.
• 💐 Base flow, the contribution of groundwater to river runoff, must be separated to obtain the direct runoff hydrograph.
• 💦 Affluent and influent streams refer to water entering or leaving a river channel based on the difference in water levels.
• 💦 The same river channel can behave as an affluent or influent stream depending on the season and water level.
• 💐 Separating base flow from the flood hydrograph helps in obtaining the direct runoff hydrograph or surface runoff.
• 💐 Groundwater depletion curve helps in separating base flow, which represents the groundwater contribution to runoff.

Transcript

hello everyone in this video we are going to discuss the flood hydrograph and the base flow so let's start so we have studied about the hydrograph of a stream flow so in general when we say the hydrograph we also mean by it that it is a hydrograph of the runoff which is the graphical representation of the discharge flowing in a river at a given loc... Read More

Questions & Answers

Q: What is a hydrograph?

A hydrograph is a graphical representation of the discharge in a river at a specific location over time, showing the relationship between discharge and time.

Q: What is the peak flow in a hydrograph?

The peak flow is the maximum discharge reached during a storm event, and it is crucial for designing hydraulic structures at a site.

Q: How is base flow different from direct runoff?

Base flow refers to the contribution of groundwater to river runoff, while direct runoff is the surface runoff directly influenced by rainfall.

Q: How can base flow be separated from the overall river discharge?

Base flow can be separated by superimposing a hypothetical line on the hydrograph and subtracting the portion below it, which represents groundwater depletion.

Summary & Key Takeaways

• A hydrograph is a graphical representation of the discharge flowing in a river at a given location over time.

• The hydrograph shows the initial flow, increase in discharge due to rainfall, peak flow, and subsequent decrease in discharge.

• Base flow, which is the contribution of groundwater to the river runoff, must be separated to obtain the direct runoff hydrograph.