English Civil War: Crash Course European History #14 | Summary and Q&A

TL;DR

The Glorious Revolution in England led to the establishment of a constitutional government, with the monarch's powers limited by Parliament.

Key Insights

• 😉 Absolutism and the divine right of kings were challenged by opposition from Parliament and various factions, leading to the establishment of constitutional government.
• 🖐️ Religious divisions, particularly between Anglicans and Puritans, played a significant role in the conflicts of the time.
• 🤽‍♀️ Women played active roles in society and politics, defying traditional gender roles and contributing to political change.
• 🗯️ The Glorious Revolution resulted in the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the adoption of a Bill of Rights, which guaranteed certain rights and limited the power of the monarch.
• ❓ The political theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke influenced the Glorious Revolution and the principles of the constitutional government.
• 😮 The Glorious Revolution and the rise of constitutional government had long-lasting effects on British politics and influenced the development of human rights concepts.
• 😀 The restoration of the monarchy with Charles II brought about a period of creativity and discovery known as the Restoration, but also faced challenges and tragedies like the plague and the Great Fire of London.

Transcript

Hi I’m John Green and this is Crash Course European History. And as we saw last week, Absolutism was in the air during the seventeenth century, but not just in France. Across the English Channel, King James VI of Scotland became King James I of England after the death of the childless Elizabeth in 1603, and he found himself thinking, “You know, I m... Read More

Questions & Answers

Q: What were the main religious and ethnic divisions in Britain during this period?

Britain had religious divisions between Calvinists, Catholics, and Anglicans, and ethnic diversity due to the geographic proximity of Wales, England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Q: What was the significance of the Petition of Right in 1628?

The Petition of Right limited the King's power by stating that he couldn't raise taxes without Parliament's permission. However, Charles I later ignored it and dissolved Parliament, causing further conflict.

Q: How did Puritans resist the Anglican Church?

Puritans objected to the traditions and rituals of Anglicanism and were subjected to persecution. They were tortured, put into stocks, whipped, and had their faces mutilated.

Q: What role did women play during this period?

Women served various roles, including as spies, publishers, preachers, and even soldiers. They were involved in intelligence gathering and played active roles in the changing political scene.

Summary & Key Takeaways

• The seventeenth century in England was marked by debates over absolutism and different ideas of government.

• King James I and his son Charles I both believed in the divine right of kings, but faced opposition from Parliament and various factions.

• The English Civil War and the execution of Charles I led to a republic, but ultimately resulted in the restoration of the monarchy with Charles II.