Aerobic vs Anaerobic Respiration - Lactic Acid and Ethanol Fermentation | Summary and Q&A

TL;DR

Aerobic respiration occurs with oxygen, converting glucose into carbon dioxide and water, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen, with ethanol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation being common pathways.

Key Insights

• ❓ Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.
• ❓ Glycolysis is a common step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
• ❓ Ethanol fermentation occurs in yeasts and converts glucose into ethanol.
• 💪 Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells and converts glucose into lactate.
• 🐱 Both anaerobic pathways generate 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
• ❓ Ethanol fermentation produces carbon dioxide, while lactic acid fermentation does not.
• 👻 Anaerobic respiration allows cells to continue ATP production when oxygen is limited.

Transcript

in this video we're going to talk about the difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and so that's the key difference between these two processes cellular respiration which converts glucose into carbon dioxide and water that is a... Read More

Questions & Answers

Q: What is the key difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?

The key difference is that aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen. Aerobic respiration converts glucose into carbon dioxide and water, while anaerobic respiration involves pathways like ethanol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

Q: How does ethanol fermentation occur in anaerobic respiration?

Ethanol fermentation starts with glucose and undergoes glycolysis to produce pyruvate. The pyruvate is then converted into acetaldehyde through decarboxylation, and acetaldehyde is finally reduced to ethanol. NADH is oxidized back to NAD+ to continue the ATP production cycle.

Q: In what conditions does lactic acid fermentation occur?

Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells when there is a depletion of oxygen. During intense exercise, the oxygen supply in muscle tissues may run out, and lactic acid fermentation is used to produce ATP and provide energy for the muscles.

Q: How many ATP molecules are generated during lactic acid fermentation?

Lactic acid fermentation produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule. This occurs through glycolysis and subsequent reductions. However, in anaerobic cellular respiration, the maximum ATP production can reach 38 or 36, depending on factors like pyruvate transportation into mitochondria.

Summary & Key Takeaways

• Aerobic respiration involves the conversion of glucose into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen.

• Anaerobic respiration includes two common pathways: ethanol fermentation (used by yeasts) and lactic acid fermentation (occurs in muscle cells).

• Ethanol fermentation converts glucose into ethanol through glycolysis, pyruvate conversion, and reduction of acetaldehyde into ethanol.

• Lactic acid fermentation converts glucose into lactate through glycolysis and reduction of pyruvate into lactate.