Top Highlights

• Less stratified Indigenous peoples also relied on the training of apprentices to acquire the knowledge for medicines, ceremonies and oral histories.
• The introduction of European classroom-style education as part of a larger goal of assimilation disrupted traditional methods and resulted in cultural trauma and dislocation.
• By using church-led education initiatives, colonial governments sought to reduce Indigenous people’s dependence on subsistence hunting and gathering.
• It identified the importance of local community control to improve education, the need for more Indigenous teachers, the development of relevant curricula and teaching resources in Indigenous schools, and the importance of language instruction and Indigenous values in Indigenous education.
• In 1972, the University of Saskatchewan’s Indian Teacher Education Program (ITEP) — the first program of its kind — began admitting Indigenous students.

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