biosynthetic pathway to these compounds begins with the cyclization of GDP to γ-terpinene by a terpene synthase, and γ-terpinene synthases
we show that thymol and carvacrol formation proceeds via hydroxylation of γ-terpinene at either the 3- (to thymol) or 6- (to carvacrol) position catalyzed by CYPs of the 71D subfamily to give unstable products that are likely to be cyclohexadienols.
These intermediates are next converted by an SDR, TvSDR1, to their corresponding ketones, which can then aromatize via keto–enol tautomerism, forming thymol and carvacrol
Thymol and carvacrol biosynthesis has been proposed to proceed by the cyclization of geranyl diphosphate to γ-terpinene, followed by a series of oxidations via p-cymene.
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