Black Americans are systematically undertreated for pain relative to white Americans
racial bias is related to false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites
participants who endorsed these beliefs rated the black (vs. white) patient’s pain as lower and made less accurate treatment recommendations
individuals with at least some medical training hold and may use false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites to inform medical judgments, which may contribute to racial disparities in pain assessment and treatment
black patients were significantly less likely than white patients to receive analgesics for extremity fractures in the emergency room (57% vs. 74%), despite having similar self-reports of pain
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