Frontiers | Glycolipids: Linchpins in the Organization and Function of Membrane Microdomains
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he primary factor causing phase transitions is the ambient temperature. Above their melting temperature (Tm), individual lipids can move laterally across the surface of the membrane relatively unhindered, a highly fluid state known as the liquid disordered phase (Figure 1A). Combinations of phosphol
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- he primary factor causing phase transitions is the ambient temperature. Above their melting temperature (Tm), individual lipids can move laterally across the surface of the membrane relatively unhindered, a highly fluid state known as the liquid disordered phase (Figure 1A).
- Combinations of phospholipids and/or sphingolipids with cholesterol exist in a liquid ordered phase,
- The major lipid components of biomembranes are phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol, all of which have different degrees of lateral motility.
- For example, the plasma membranes of human neutrophils are enriched in lactosylceramide (LacCer) and phosphatidylglucoside (PtdGlc), each of which forms different membrane microdomains with different surrounding molecules and is involved in different functions of neutrophils.
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