Cryptotanshinone protects skin cells from ultraviolet radiation-induced photoaging via its antioxidant effect and by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting apoptosis
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under environmental stress such as excess UV radiation, the ROS level in the cells can be significantly increased, resulting in oxidative stress (Anderson et al., 2014). When electrons are transferred along the ETC, 1%–3% of the electrons can escape and directly combine with O2 to produce O2•−, gene
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- under environmental stress such as excess UV radiation, the ROS level in the cells can be significantly increased, resulting in oxidative stress (Anderson et al., 2014).
- When electrons are transferred along the ETC, 1%–3% of the electrons can escape and directly combine with O2 to produce O2•−, generating a small amount of ROS
- Mitochondrial DNA is located in the mitochondrial matrix and is directly exposed to ROS produced by the ETC
- This makes the mtDNA extremely vulnerable to damage by ROS.
- Since mtDNA encodes the different protein components of the ETC, any damage sustained by the mtDNA could lead to mutations in these genes, resulting in dysfunctional mitochondria.
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