Top Highlights

• A comparison of EU and U.S. approaches to regulating general-purpose AI
• The EO primarily outlines guidelines for federal agencies to follow with a view to shape industry practices, but it does not impose regulation on private entities except for reporting requirements by invoking the Defense Production Act. The EU AI Act, on the other hand, directly applies to any provider of general-purpose AI models operating within ...
• Both the executive order and the EU AI Act base their governance frameworks on model size, but they differ in scope
• While both approaches are comprehensive in nature, the U.S. federal government and the European Union may face challenges in executing plans within set timelines due to a potential gap in necessary expertise, despite recent recruiting efforts.
• In terms of global influence, the executive order primarily sets a domestic policy tone, while its influence on global practices is expected to remain indirect in the short term. The EU AI Act, on the other hand, has the potential to set global precedence like the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) did.

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