Marianne was not a living person nor based on one. According to some, her name is derived from that of Jesuit priest, theologian, and Monarchomach Juan de Mariana who taught in France for a time.
the infamous 1599 treatise De rege et regis institutione libre III that he argued that the overthrowing of a tyrant was justified under certain conditions.
Other commentators put forth the compelling theory that the name comes from Guillaume Lavabre. In his Occitan song “La guérison de Marianne,” composed in southern France’s Puylaurens in 1792, he designated the Republic as “Marianne” for the very first time in history.
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