Top Highlights

• Sainsbury (1994,2001) introduced gender-related welfare states issues which brought a feminist perspective to bear on mainstream welfare state studies.
• the inequalities between men and women embedded in work and social welfare policies, illuminating implicit ideologies of familial and gender roles, and focusing attention on policies designed to harmonize work and care (Gustafsson, 1994; Sainsbury, 1994; Siaroff, 1994).
• considerable variation in social policies to mitigate the tensions and conflicts between work and family life among different countries (Daly & Lewis, 1998; Gornick, Meyers, & Ross, 1997; O'Connor, Orloff, & Shaver, 1999).
• Scandinavian countries the extensive provision of childcare is part of an explicit policy designed to create a dual-breadwin- ner model and full employment. In contrast, public childcare provisions in Britain have been primarily for children who are in poverty or at risk,

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