Top Highlights

• According to Awuor (2013), women with stronger academic qualifications attain higher political positions. Furthermore, once they hold a position, they are “very active in sensitizing the other women to ensure their effective participation in political parties” (Awuor, 2013: 65). Akala (2017) claims that having more women in leadership positions wil...
• Even though many countries have introduced norms and legal reforms to protect women and empower them to participate in politics, challenges such as poverty, lack of education, cultural barriers or unequal access to services thwart the full inclusion of women in public life. Women also suffer from family pressure, threats of death and sexual violenc...
• Moreover, Okumu (2008) points out that in Africa, a man could feel threatened by a woman politician because it is perceived as his domain. Men’s reaction to this perceived intrusion is using violence against women in order to discourage them from participating
• or example, Rwanda and Mozambique have some of the highest rates of female legislative representation due to their commitments in legislation.
• Thus, the most significant changes in Africa with respect to women’s rights have occurred when there are opportunities to rewrite “the rules” of the political order, which generally occurred after major civil conflict” (Mari Tripp et al, 2009: 6).

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