Inferential statistics allow you to use a relatively small sample to learn about an entire population.
A relationship between a pair of variables indicates the value of one variable depends on the value of another variable. In other words, if you know the value of one variable, you can predict the value of the other variable more accurately.
Histograms are an excellent way to graph continuous variables because they show the distribution of values. Understanding the distribution allows you to determine which values are more and less common amongst other properties.
When your sample size is less than 20, consider using an individual value plot.
When to use the mean: Symmetric distribution, Continuous data
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