"Consider the Lobster: And Other Essays" covers a range of topics including language usage, leadership, literary criticism, and cultural context. The author uses various literary devices such as insular, bathos, and dysphemism to convey their ideas. They argue that a real leader inspires people to overcome their limitations and do better things, and that icons are abstractions incapable of vital communication. The author praises Dostoevsky for writing about important themes without reducing characters to mouthpieces. Overall, the essays offer critical and thought-provoking insights on various subjects.